Character and Peace Education is arguably the core of the Montessori Primary Curriculum. Unlike Math and Language Arts, there are little or no physical materials devoted to the development of good character and peace education. However, the threads of this curriculum area are present and interwoven throughout the classroom.
It begins in Practical Life, where children learn to care for him or herself as well as their shared environment. The exercises of Grace and Courtesy explicitly teach social interaction skills, creating the means for a harmonious classroom culture. The Sensorial, Mathematics and Language curriculum enhance children’s abilities to understand the world and to communicate effectively with the people in their community. The Cultural Studies, Science, and Arts materials complete the curriculum by providing a global perspective and an understanding of the world as a unified whole. At the school-wide level, Montessori emphasizes learning through relationships and community building. Montessori believes empathy is the key skill for both.